Centrifugal drier



E, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

' 'CENTRIFUGAL DRIER.

ruiters Patent. Patented June 27, i922.

Application led December 15, 1913, Serial No. 806,891. Renewed March 1, 1919. Serial No. 280,144.

'0 all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, CHAnLES li. Manna, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Toledo, county of Lucas, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Driers; and l do declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

T his invention relates to centrifugal driei's, and especially to that class of driers which are employed for the drying of brewers` slops, wet grain, and other similar prod-v ucts. It provides means for the application of centrifugal force and circumferential inotion around and vagainst the concave cylindrical walls of a heated container and means for the withdrawal of the dried contents of the container when the process is completed.

To enable others skilled in the art to `which it appertains to make and use thesame, l will proceed to describe the invention with refe-rence tol the drawing, in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts in all the figures.

Figure l 1s a-vertical section of my improved drier andv separator, Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same, FigureV 3 is an elevation of the opposite endfro-rii. t-hat shown in Figure 2 and 'Figure 4 is a detail perspective View` of the interior-rotatable frame.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, l designates the container, which is essentially a. horizontally disposed cylinder, provided with an external steam jacket 17, provided with an inlet 18- for the. introduction of steam and an outlet 19 foi'A the removal of the water of condensation. 'lhe internal rotating parts comprise a plurality ot metallic rings 20, rigidily secured in parallel alinement by a plurality of angle irons 5 spaced apart about the periphery of said rings and rigidly attached to the extremities of fan blades 4. A shaft 2 passes centrally through the rings and the central point of the fan blades to which it is keyed, said shaft being journaled in the cylinder heads 10 and ll and adapted to turn in the longitudinal axis of the container. A motor G mounted on a bracket 23 attached to the cylinder head l0, is disposed in the` cylindrical axis of the container and is connected to the shaft 2, giving the' necessary rotary motion to said shaft. n inlet pipe 24' removably attached to the aperture l2 in the cylinder head l() affordsrh-means for the introduction to the container of the materials to be treated. A screened aperture 13 in said cylinder head and asimilar screened aperture ll in the opposite head affords means for the introduction of air into and the escape of moist and heated air from the respective cylinder heads of said container. A door 27 in the cylinder head 11, swings outwardly when the container is given a downward angular displacement about the fulcrnm 16, by means of lever 26 fulcrumed. at Hand adapted to maintain the container normally in a horizontal position. (hie or more trippers 2l, disposed longitudinally ofthe interior surface of the container, are employed, the same preferably extending substantially from end to end of the cylinder and adapted to impart to the moving layer of material a riiile action. The trippers 2l project inwardly from the treating surface of the container a very slight distance withl the result that the agitation of the material will be comparatively slight, so that the constantially interrupted, while at the same time that portion of the film in contact with the. heat-ing surface, changing.

The operation of my improved centrifugal drier is as follows:

rThe material to be treated is introduced within the container l, by means of pipe 24 and' the aperture 12 in the head l() of the tinuous movement of the layer is not subf' will be continually material to assume the form of a moving thin layer pressing outwardly against the concave surface of said container, said con tents through the medium of said pressure,`

absorbing heat more rapidly and in greater amount than would be the case in the absence of said motion and vsaid outward pressure. The material operated upon moving neces-v sai-ily at a high rate of speed in order t0 maintain said thin layer, canse the vapor of evaporation to separate rapidly from the thin layer and to pass through the centra-l portion of the container as a result ot' the motion imparted to it by the fan blades, in the direction oi the vapor outlet 1l. As the la 1er passes over the tripper or trippers 21 t at portion of the prraluct operated upon press-- ing outwardly on the heating surface, is continually changing, and, owing,- to the fact that the portion of the material first dried is lighter and passes to the inside ot the film of material, While the. moist or heavier p0rtion ot' said material is forced outwardly against the heated' surface, the drying proeess is greatly accelerated.

When the treatment has been completed, one end ot' the container is loweredby releasing lever 26 and giving a partial turning movement to the arm Y9, pivotally supported at 8, the container beingtilted on the bearing 1li. In addition to the action of the tan blades l in supporting the arms 5, they circulate air within the container and when cf' m v Y the door l molines outwaidl)I as a resultoi lowering the corresponding end of said container, said fan blades or supports drive the finished product down the inclined concave surface and out of said container.

ln this invention, heat may be applied to the container by hot l,gases, electricity or other suitable means. i

Vfhile the construction set out is excel lently adapted for the employment of my invention in practice, l do not limit myself to the details, as they may be inodiiied without departing from the spirit ot' the invention. v

Certain' features herein described \and illustrated are made the subject matter oi separate applications for patents. and are not claimed herein. For instance in my api. plication, Serial No. 77,996, filed February 12, 1916. beingr in part a continuation of my application, Serial No. 718,114 filed ugust 31, 15112, l have illustrated, described and claimed broadly the method of treating" liq uid substances or substances containing liquid by subjecting a circular layer of mate rial under pressure to movement circumferentially and lengthwise over a treatinglr sur-- tace while permitting the vapors to `scape, said treatment being;A carried out either at or below atmospheric pressure, and 'l therefore reserve the right to claim all matters not embraced by the claims. and herein described, in separate applications.

lll/hilo l have above mentioned brewersA` slop as one of the fluid materials which can be treated in the present mechanism, and have also referred to Wet 2grain, it will be understood, that it was not intended to there by restrict the matters of novelty in structure or operation to any specific material requiringrapid and economical witlnlravval ot `February 18, 1919, respectively,

iframes@ water and heretofore, in one branch or art l rl or another, treated for that parpose. the

.slop and wet gli-ain were mentioned as' typi`- cal of numerous materials Winchf can bev treated to advantage in the mechanism here -in presented in eliminating' the Wat/er conti:I ponent, if they are'snsceptible oi being die# posed in a layer on 'the container wall 'by rotary devices such as indicated at il() and 5, and arranged to permit the vaporized water to be forced out from the container b v internally disposed'devices.substantially 806,888, filed December 15, 1913 {renevvefl as 358,433) ,z 806,889, tiled'l'ecemher 15, 1913, (renewed as 366,962) tiled Deceml'ier 15,

1913; 806,890, tiled qflece'mloer 15, 19131 trenewed as 280,143; 411075?, tiled July-19, 1915;-

T38,1?8, filed December '231; 1912;

77,996, filed February 12, 1910; 2??,906, tiled?,

shown mechanisms and described methods matter herein; 4for example, in several oi-Ethe said application records is presented the forming of a layer o1 the material to be, 955: treated, which layer is circular in cross'secf* circumferentially and tion and moves lengthwise ot the container, the meehm nisms referred to permitting or causingvfflithe vapor and air to freely and rapidly escape axially from the interior-ol" the containei ln some of said records the expelling of the vapors and gases is described asleing caused by externalA devices, positioned, re-Y spectively, at one suitable place or another either at the end of the evapora-'ting ciiamm lihave f Y which, respectively, have one or more fea-f tures that are also incident to the subject" 1. ln a' centrifugal drier, a horiaontallyi,

disposedcylindrical container, means for applyingr heat 'external/ly theretoanrl means tor applying1 a centrifiigal and circinnierein tial motion to the contentsfthereof, whereby a moving` layer' of material is formed onthe wall ot the container, and means ,within the container for expelling the vapors l'roin the space within the layer oic material. f'

2. ln a centrifugal drier.' ahoriaontally.

disposedcylindrical container, sten-mfy jacket surrolinclinai the peripheral'vifall of the. container, means for applyinrantrii.- ngel and circumferential motion to the enn-v tents there-ot whereby a moving layer clima ter-iai is formed on the wall-.ofthe container,

said container havin@ aninl'etlortlie .mateuv s y, A

` cylindrical container, external means for heating said container and a rotatable frame axially mounted within said container adapted to apply centrifugal motion to the contents thereof and means for driving said frame circumferentially of the interior of said container at a high rate of speed \vhereby there is maintained on the wall of thel container a moving layer of material, and internal means for removing the vapor of evaporation.

L ln a centrifugal drier. an externally heated and horizontally disposed cylindrical container. a shaft mounted axially thereof, a plurality of fan blades mounted on said shaft, arms parallel to the shaft mounted on the fan blades, a plurality of rings concentric with'the shaft mount/ed on the arlns and means for applying rotary motion to the shaft. A

ln a centrifugal drier, an'externally heated, horizontal cylindrical container. a shaft mounted axially thereof, a plurality of fan blades rigidly mounted on said shaft, arms parallel to the shaft rigidly attached to the adjacent ends of the several fan blades, a plurality of rings concentric with the shaft, spaced apart and rigidly attached to said arms, other arms spaced apart attached to said rings and means yfor applying rotary motion to said shaft.

6. Inr a centrifugal drier, an externally hea-ted horizontal cylindrical container, cylinder heads at the opposite ends thereof, one of said heads having a large discharge opening for the escape of vapors, bearings centrally of said heads, a shaft mounted in said bearings, a motor mounted ou the shaft externally of the container, means for introlacing materials to be treated within said container, means for withdrawing the-same therefrom, means for imparting to said materials a rota-ry centrifugal lnotio.l against the heated walls of the container, and means mounted on said shaft for rapidly expelling-` the vapors through said large opening.

7. In a centrifugal drier, an externall heated horizontally disposed cylindrical container, said container aving an inlet at one end and a normally closed outlet at its opposite' end` ,rotatable means within the container for applying a centrifugal and circumferential motion to the contents thereof whereby a moving layer of material is formed on the wall of the container, means for lowering the outlet end of the container,

and means permitting discharge of material; through said outlet when the end of the cone tainer islowered.

8. In a centrifugal drier,l an externallygv heated horizontal cylindrical container, a

cylinder head at one extremity thereof'- pro"-4 vided with an aperture for the' receptionist.amaterial'to be treated, a. cylinder headfi'n,

the opposite extremity of said'container proeft" vided with a semi-circular screened ai ture concentric wlth the head and a segraena;y

tal door hingedly attached to said heads'. shaft mounted inl said container, a motor ata' tached to said shaft, and conveying means on the shaftwithin the container, horizontal arms mounted on the supports adapted to move in close proximity to the concave surface of the container.

ser

.'9. ln a centrifugal drier, an externally l heated and hoizontally-disposed cylindrical container having means therein for applying and maintaining under movement a layer of material on the 'inner surface of the container, a support fulcrumed externally to. one end of the outer surface of the container. a'raising and lowering lever similarly disposed at the opposite end thereof, to raise and lower one end of said container, and means for the removal of the contents. thereof.

10. 'In an apparatus for treating material to change the condition or consistency thereof, the combination of a cylindrical con tainer. means for applying to the wall of thel container aV temperature different from that fof the material being treated, a, rotatable shaft extending longitudinally of thecontainer, separated conveyor members extending longitudinally of and adjacent the inner surface of the Wall of the container, and supports between the `conveyor members and shaft, said supports taking. theform of fan blades. f

1l. ln an apparatus for' treating material to change the condition or consistenc thereof, the combination of a horizonta ly disposed cylindrical container, external means, for applying to thel wall of the container a temperature different vfrom that of the material to be treated, a horizontally disposed rotatable shaft withinthe container, separated' conveyor members extending longitudinally of and adjacent the inner surface of the.. wallofthe container, snpportsbe` tween the conveyor members, and shaft, said supports taking the form of fan blades, annular ring members connecting the conveyor members, and means for rotating the shaft.

12. ln an apparatus for treatingmaterial to change theI condition or consistency ioo treated` means within the container for forming and maintaining under movement a circular layer of material on the interior surface of the container, and a screen in said end wallnopenings.

13. ln an apparatus for treating material to change the condition or consistency thereof, the combination of a horizontally disposed cylindrical container, means for applying to the wall thereof a temperature different from that of the material to be4 treated, means Within the container for forming and maintaining under movement a circular layer of material on the inner surface of the Wall of the container, end walls for the container, one of said end Walls having an inlet opening for the material to he treated, and a screened opening, and the opposite Wall having a screened openin.

let. ln an apparatus for treating material to change the condition or consistency tnereof, the combination of a horizontallylf disposed, cylindrical container', means for! applying to the wall thereof a temperature dilferei'itfromthat of the material being treated, conveyor` members Within the conainer extending longitudinally thereof adjacent the interior surface, and mounted for rotation, said cylinder being mounted for tilting movement and having an outlet adjacent the rear end thereof whereby to permit the material to flow out of the cylinder.

l5. ln an apparatus for treating material to change the condition or Consistency thereof, the combination of a horizontally disposed cylindrical container, means for applying to the Wall thereof a temperature different from that of the material being treated, the container having an outlet adjacent the rear end thereof, a movable closure for the outlet, conveyor means Within the. container adapted to move a layer of material over the surface of the container, and means for lmvering the outlet end of the container to permit the material to flow out of said outlet.

16. lin an apparatus for treating material to change the condition or consistency thereof, the combination of a horizontally disposed cylindrical container, means for applying to the Wall thereof a temperature different from that of the material being treated, the container having an outlet adjacent the rear end thereof, a movable closure for Athe outlet, conveyor means Within the container adapted to move a layer of material over the surface of the container, and means for lowering the outlet end of the container to permit the material'to flow' out of said outlet, said closure automatically opening upon the lowering moyement of the container.

l?, lin an apparatus for treating material to changethe condition or consistency therel5 of, the combination of a cylindrical conii/ieaeee tailler, means for applying to the Wall thereof a temperature different' from that of the material being treated, conveyor means extending longitudinally of the container adjacentl the interior surface thereof, for forming and maintaining a moving layer of material over said surfacue. and a fanf` moving in the space within the layer of" material for expelling vapors.

1S. ln an apparatus for treating material 75 to change the condition or consistency thereof. the combination of a horizontal cylindrical Container, means for applying to the wall thereof a temperature different from that of the material being treated,

. means within the container for forming' and maintainingunder movement a layer of the material on said surface, and a longitudinally extending projection or projections on the interior surface of the container, and S5 vsaid container having relatively large end Avwall opening for the rapid discharge of vapors from the zone formed by said moving layer of material.

1S), ln an apparatus for treating material J0 to change the condition or consistency thereof. the combination of a cylindrical container, means for applying to the Wall thereof a temperature di'erent from `that of the material being treated` means for applying a centrifugal and circumferential motion to the contents of the container, Vand internal means for removing the vapor of evaporation. |v

20. ln a centrifugal drier an externally heated horizontal cylindrical container, a cylinder head at one extremity thereof, a cylinder head at the opposite extremity of said container provided with a door hingedly attached to said head and a vapor escape opening, a shaft mounted in said container,

a motor attached tosaid lshaft, radial supports on the shaft internally of the con- `tainer,`said supports taking the form of fan blades. and horizontal arms mounted on the supports adapted to move in close proximity to the concave surface of the container.

21. The method of treating material to changer the condition or consistency thereof, l which consists in forming and maintaining under continuous movement a circular layer of material in contact with a cylindrical treating surface, having a temperature different from that of the material being treated, subjecting said moving layer of material to a ritile action, maintaining a oentral quiet zone, and maintaining a copious discharge for the vapors from said central quiet zone.

22. ln an apparatus for treating material to change the condition or consistency thereof, the combination of a cylindrical container, means for applying'to .the Wall of the container a temperature different from that of the material 'being treated, 'a 130 CIK shaft extending longitudinally of the oon tainei, Separated Conveyor members extending longitudinally of and adjacent the inner surface of the wall of the container, means for rotating the shaftV 'at a high Speed whereby to applythe material in cireuinferential layer formation in Contact with the inner surface of the container and for moving the layer of material over said sui'- l face, said container having an inlet for the material adjacent one end and an outlet adjacent the opposite end, and an auxiliary outlet for the 'free eseape of vapors, and

blower means arranged at a point within said conveyor memberh` to expel the vapors through said auxiliar)v outlet..

lii testimon)v whereof, l have hereunto signed in v name, this 24th dav o November, lfll', in the pi'eseiiee ol' t\vo subseribingj witnesess.

Witnesses:

Il. Maurin', C. A. Davis. 

